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Four Seasons Mechanical offers licensed plumbing services to the GTA Toronto and surrounding areas.

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courtesy of Four Seasons Mechanical. (416) 805 – 5289

WHAT IS A PLUMBING FIXTURE ?

A plumbing fixture is a receptacle or plumbing device installed in a plumbing drainage system that captures and directs water waste (plumbing sewer water & clean water) into the plumbing drainage system. Fixtures also include floor drains.

WHAT IS A FIXTURE OUTLET PIPE ?

Also known as F.O.P, a fixture outlet pipe is a plumbing pipe that connects the waste opening of a fixture or device to its protecting fixture p-trap.

WHAT IS A DEVELOPED LENGTH IN PLUMBING ?

A developed length in plumbing is a linear length measurement taken along the center line of a pipe and includes all changes in direction. the maximum developed length of a plumbing fixture outlet pipe (F.O.P) is 1200mm. 1200mm is 48 inches = 4 feet.

WHAT IS A FIXTURE UNIT FOR DRAINAGE SYSTEMS ?

A fixture unit is a unit of measurement based on :

a) the rate of water supply to that plumbing fixture

b) the total time of its operation

c) the frequency of the fixtures use

A fixture unit rating expresses the hydraulic load that is imposed on the complete drainage system by the fixture used for sizing purposes.

If a fixture outlet pipe is 1 1/4″, the fixture unit rating is 1 Fixture Units

If a fixture outlet pipe is 1 1/2″, the fixture unit rating is 2 Fixture Units

If a fixture outlet pipe is 2″, the fixture unit rating is 3 Fixture Units

If a fixture outlet pipe is 2 1/2″ , the fixture unit rating is 4 Fixture Units

If a fixture outlet pipe is 3″, the fixture unit rating is 5 Fixture Units

If a fixture outlet pipe is 4″, the fixture unit rating is 6 Fixture Units

WHAT IS A PLUMBING TRAP ?

A plumbing trap (also known as a P-Trap) is a fitting or plumbing device that holds a small amount of water within it, creating a water seal. That seal is known as a trap seal.

WHAT IS A TRAP SEAL ?

A trap seal prevents sewer gases from entering the building through plumbing fixtures but will not affect the flow of waste water through the trap. There must be sufficient flow of waste water through the trap to allow it to self clean.

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF VENTING IN PLUMBING ?

The venting of a plumbing system is the part of the drainage system designed to provide the free circulation of air throughout the system and maintain atmospheric pressure with the entire plumbing drainage system.

When a liquid waste is discharged into the plumbing drainage system piping, air is displaced by the waste; This in turn changes pressure in the
system. It is necessary to provide an escape route for any excess pressure and supply routes to draw in “make up air” to relieve vacuum conditions whenever they occur. Failure to do this can cause the drainage system to fail or malfunction. Consequently, a significant amount of the drainage pipe is empty. The main purpose of venting in plumbing is to prevent trap loss and trap seal siphonage.

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